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Source:bbcnews.com

A nationwide strike has severely disrupted schools and public transport across France.

Workers are angry at being forced to retire later or face reduced pensions.

School and transport workers have been joined by police, lawyers, and hospital and airport staff for a general walkout that could include millions of people. 

France's largest nationwide strike in years was agreed by unions unhappy with President Emmanuel Macron's plans for a universal points-based pension system.

"What we've got to do is shut the economy down," said union official Christian Grolier of the Force Ouvrire (Workers' Force). "People are spoiling for a fight." 

Interior Minister Christophe Castaner said on the eve of the strike he expected almost 250 demonstrations nationwide, some of which he said could turn violent.

"We know there will be lots of people in these protests and we know the risks. I have requested that systematically when there is rioting or violence we make arrests immediately," he said.


On Paris's famous Champs-lyses boulevard, riot police began searching pedestrians' bags before dawn, and shops on a planned protest route have been ordered to close. 

How bad is the transport chaos?

Transport networks ground to a near-halt in some areas on Thursday morning.

Some 90% of high-speed TGV and intercity trains have been cancelled, with buses also affected. In Paris, just five of the city's 16 metro lines are running. 

The early rush hour saw deserted stations as commuters shared car rides, took to their bikes or worked from home.


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionSome of those hit by bus and train strikes took to their bikes in Paris


"Public transport will be very difficult today, as it will tomorrow and probably this weekend too," junior transport minister Jean-Baptiste Djebbari told French station RTL radio.

Train operators Eurostar and Thalys, which run international services, have cancelled at least half their services linking Paris with London and Brussels. Eurostar will operate a reduced timetable until 10 December.

Air travel has been badly affected, with hundreds of flights cancelled. Air France said it would cancel 30% of internal flights and 30% of short-haul international flights, amid walk-outs by air traffic controllers. 


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionPeople in Nice prepare for industrial action with posters that read: "Everyone on strike on 5 December"


Low-cost carrier EasyJet has cancelled 223 domestic and short-haul international flights, and warned passengers to expect delays.

Who else is walking out?

Nurses and hospital staff, lawyers and police officers, refuse collectors, energy staff and postal workers are among others participating in industrial action. 

France's health minister said it was not yet clear how badly hospitals would be affected, but preparations had been made to deal with the strike.

Parents with children of primary school age will also be affected.


Image copyright
GETTY IMAGES
Image captionA large number of primary schools across France will be impacted by the strikes


The largest primary school teachers' union said it expected as many as four out of 10 schools to shut across the country. About 70% of primary teachers are expected to take industrial action.

The union representing secondary or high schools expects 60% of teachers to go on strike but schools are due to stay open.

Farmers, whose pensions are among the lowest in the country, have said they will not join Thursday's strikes. 

How long will the disruption last?

The industrial action is expected to last beyond Thursday and some trade union leaders have warned they will keep it up until Mr Macron abandons his campaign promise to overhaul the retirement system.

One opinion poll put public support for the strikes at 69%, with backing strongest among 18-34 year-olds.

The Macron administration will hope to avoid a repeat of the country's general strike over pension reforms in 1995, which crippled the transport system for three weeks and drew massive popular support, forcing a government reversal.


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionAt present it is unclear when the strike will be called off


A number of yellow-vest protesters known as "gilets jaunes" said they planned to join the demonstrations. 

The movement, which emerged at the end of 2018, started with demonstrations against a sharp increase in diesel taxes, but has broadened to reflect anger over higher living costs and President Macron's economic policies.

Are Macron's pension reforms really that controversial?

France currently has a system comprising dozens of different schemes and Mr Macron wants to create a unified system, which he says would be more fair.

His new plan aims to reward employees for each day worked, awarding points that would later be transferred into future pension benefits.

The official retirement age has been raised in the last decade from 60 to 62, but remains one of the lowest among the OECD group of rich nations - in the UK, for example, the retirement age is 66. 


Image copyright
GETTY IMAGES
Image captionFrench President Emmanuel Macron has staked his reputation on reforming France


The move to a universal points-based pension system would remove the most advantageous pensions for a number of jobs ranging from sailors to lawyers and even opera workers.

Meanwhile, those retiring before 64 would receive a lower pension. For example, someone retiring at 63 would receive 5% less, so unions fear it will mean having to work longer for a lower pension.

A recent poll concluded that 75% of people thought that pension reforms were necessary, but only a third believed the government could deliver them.

What do the workers say?

Several workers have explained their grievances, ranging from poor salaries to frustration with the political class.

Paris metro driver Damien Vitry told the France Info news website that he provided a service so others could celebrate New Year's Eve.

"You lose out with your family life and that's why we get compensation," he said. "This pension reform is a bit like a football match where they change the rules at half-time.

With all the added measures he would now have to work longer if he wanted a full pension, he complained.

Train driver Cyril Romero, from Toulouse, told France Info he would reconsider his job if the reforms went through.

"I started in 2001 with a contract that allowed me to leave at 50. But like everyone else, I got the reforms which pushed back my early retirement age to 52-and-a-half and then, in reality, 57-and-a-half for full pension. Now they want to make us work even longer."

An unnamed history teacher, writing in Huffpost, was planning to strike on Friday as well as Thursday.

"For me, the pension reforms are one punch too many. We're fighting not to lose hundreds of euros of pension a month - after more than 40 years in a job.

"How can you dream of ending your career in front of pupils beyond the age of 70, in worsening conditions and on what for many of us is just a minimum wage?"

Check out \n

Macron Pension Reform:France Paralysed by Biggest National Strik

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Source:bbcnews.com

A nationwide strike has severely disrupted schools and public transport across France.

Workers are angry at being forced to retire later or face reduced pensions.

School and transport workers have been joined by police, lawyers, and hospital and airport staff for a general walkout that could include millions of people. 

France's largest nationwide strike in years was agreed by unions unhappy with President Emmanuel Macron's plans for a universal points-based pension system.

"What we've got to do is shut the economy down," said union official Christian Grolier of the Force Ouvrire (Workers' Force). "People are spoiling for a fight." 

Interior Minister Christophe Castaner said on the eve of the strike he expected almost 250 demonstrations nationwide, some of which he said could turn violent.

"We know there will be lots of people in these protests and we know the risks. I have requested that systematically when there is rioting or violence we make arrests immediately," he said.


On Paris's famous Champs-lyses boulevard, riot police began searching pedestrians' bags before dawn, and shops on a planned protest route have been ordered to close. 

How bad is the transport chaos?

Transport networks ground to a near-halt in some areas on Thursday morning.

Some 90% of high-speed TGV and intercity trains have been cancelled, with buses also affected. In Paris, just five of the city's 16 metro lines are running. 

The early rush hour saw deserted stations as commuters shared car rides, took to their bikes or worked from home.


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionSome of those hit by bus and train strikes took to their bikes in Paris


"Public transport will be very difficult today, as it will tomorrow and probably this weekend too," junior transport minister Jean-Baptiste Djebbari told French station RTL radio.

Train operators Eurostar and Thalys, which run international services, have cancelled at least half their services linking Paris with London and Brussels. Eurostar will operate a reduced timetable until 10 December.

Air travel has been badly affected, with hundreds of flights cancelled. Air France said it would cancel 30% of internal flights and 30% of short-haul international flights, amid walk-outs by air traffic controllers. 


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionPeople in Nice prepare for industrial action with posters that read: "Everyone on strike on 5 December"


Low-cost carrier EasyJet has cancelled 223 domestic and short-haul international flights, and warned passengers to expect delays.

Who else is walking out?

Nurses and hospital staff, lawyers and police officers, refuse collectors, energy staff and postal workers are among others participating in industrial action. 

France's health minister said it was not yet clear how badly hospitals would be affected, but preparations had been made to deal with the strike.

Parents with children of primary school age will also be affected.


Image copyright
GETTY IMAGES
Image captionA large number of primary schools across France will be impacted by the strikes


The largest primary school teachers' union said it expected as many as four out of 10 schools to shut across the country. About 70% of primary teachers are expected to take industrial action.

The union representing secondary or high schools expects 60% of teachers to go on strike but schools are due to stay open.

Farmers, whose pensions are among the lowest in the country, have said they will not join Thursday's strikes. 

How long will the disruption last?

The industrial action is expected to last beyond Thursday and some trade union leaders have warned they will keep it up until Mr Macron abandons his campaign promise to overhaul the retirement system.

One opinion poll put public support for the strikes at 69%, with backing strongest among 18-34 year-olds.

The Macron administration will hope to avoid a repeat of the country's general strike over pension reforms in 1995, which crippled the transport system for three weeks and drew massive popular support, forcing a government reversal.


Image copyright
REUTERS
Image captionAt present it is unclear when the strike will be called off


A number of yellow-vest protesters known as "gilets jaunes" said they planned to join the demonstrations. 

The movement, which emerged at the end of 2018, started with demonstrations against a sharp increase in diesel taxes, but has broadened to reflect anger over higher living costs and President Macron's economic policies.

Are Macron's pension reforms really that controversial?

France currently has a system comprising dozens of different schemes and Mr Macron wants to create a unified system, which he says would be more fair.

His new plan aims to reward employees for each day worked, awarding points that would later be transferred into future pension benefits.

The official retirement age has been raised in the last decade from 60 to 62, but remains one of the lowest among the OECD group of rich nations - in the UK, for example, the retirement age is 66. 


Image copyright
GETTY IMAGES
Image captionFrench President Emmanuel Macron has staked his reputation on reforming France


The move to a universal points-based pension system would remove the most advantageous pensions for a number of jobs ranging from sailors to lawyers and even opera workers.

Meanwhile, those retiring before 64 would receive a lower pension. For example, someone retiring at 63 would receive 5% less, so unions fear it will mean having to work longer for a lower pension.

A recent poll concluded that 75% of people thought that pension reforms were necessary, but only a third believed the government could deliver them.

What do the workers say?

Several workers have explained their grievances, ranging from poor salaries to frustration with the political class.

Paris metro driver Damien Vitry told the France Info news website that he provided a service so others could celebrate New Year's Eve.

"You lose out with your family life and that's why we get compensation," he said. "This pension reform is a bit like a football match where they change the rules at half-time.

With all the added measures he would now have to work longer if he wanted a full pension, he complained.

Train driver Cyril Romero, from Toulouse, told France Info he would reconsider his job if the reforms went through.

"I started in 2001 with a contract that allowed me to leave at 50. But like everyone else, I got the reforms which pushed back my early retirement age to 52-and-a-half and then, in reality, 57-and-a-half for full pension. Now they want to make us work even longer."

An unnamed history teacher, writing in Huffpost, was planning to strike on Friday as well as Thursday.

"For me, the pension reforms are one punch too many. We're fighting not to lose hundreds of euros of pension a month - after more than 40 years in a job.

"How can you dream of ending your career in front of pupils beyond the age of 70, in worsening conditions and on what for many of us is just a minimum wage?"

Check out \n

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